The human skeleton is the set total and organized bone pieces provided the human body strong multifunctional structure (locomotion, protection, containment, support, etc..). Except for the hyoid bone , which is separated from the skeleton, all bones are articulated to form a continuum, supported by additional connective structures such as ligaments , tendons and cartilage .
The skeleton of an adult human has about 206 bones, not counting teeth, the sutures or wormians bones (skull supernumerary ) and sesamoid . The group organized
bone-u-skeletal bodies forms the skeletal system, which concurs with other organ systems ( nervous system, joint system and muscular system ) to form the locomotor .
The skeleton is a structure characteristic of vertebrate . In Biology , a skeleton is quite rigid or semi-rigid structure that gives support and provides the basic morphology of the body, some facial cartilages (nasal, auricular, etc.) Should also be considered part of the skeleton.
Features
The skeletal system has several functions, among which are: mechanical support
body and soft parts: operating as a framework that maintains the body shape, posture maintenance
: allowing positions such as standing ;
dynamic support: it works for walking, locomotion and body movements: running as levers and points of attachment for muscles ;
containment and protection of viscera before any pressure or hit, as, for example, ribs harboring the lungs , delicate organs that require a space to expand, store
Metabolic functioning as a moderator (buffer or shock) of the merger and exchange of calcium salts and phosphates.
vibration transmission.
addition, spongy bark of some bones, bone marrow locates , which carries out or training hematopoiesis and differentiation of blood cells .
Constitution
The set of bones form the skeleton. Bones are living organs that are being renovated constantly.
The combined bone cells (osteocytes ) and inert materials (salts of calcium and phosphorus) as well as organic substances such as bone matrix collagen ( protein is also present in other tissues, not bone) .
Forms and dimensions of the bones
bones have different shapes and sizes according to their functions:
long bones: In this type of bone length will prevail on the thickness and width. Consist of a body or shaft and two ends or epiphyses . The latter category covers the first two segments of the membership. Short bones
: De restricted volume, the three axes are similar. Usually has a cuboidal form, this type of bone are found in the carpal the tarsal , etc. Flat bones
: Predominantly the length and width, the thickness is reduced. Form the walls of the cranial cavity , nasal, orbital and pelvic . These bones have bone marrow cavity thus without any to hold this core.
flat bone structure:
spongy bone tissue plane, also known as diploe is disposed between two layers of compact tissue. These sheets of tissue are also compact referred to as internal and external tables.
bones Number
The number of bones in adults ranges from approximately 206 to 208, but remember that this figure is not met in the small children and even less in the newborn . This is because babies are born with some separate bones to facilitate their exit from the birth canal, for example we have the bones of the skull, if we felt the head of a newborn soft spots are called fontanelles : in them bones are united by cartilage tissue which is then ossify to form the skull of an adult .
jaw is also divided into two, the upper jaw and lower , when the lower jaw suture will result in a kind of string called symphysis. So the number of bones depends on the age of the person to whom it relates, but on average for an adult is about 206 bones.
Division
skeleton human skeleton
One scheme to study the human skeleton, divides it into two parts:
the axial skeleton, the bones that are located on the midline or axis (axis) body , and
the appendicular skeleton, which are the rest of the bones belonging to the parties attached to the midline (appendices), specifically, the pairs of legs and their waists.
AXIAL SKELETON: 80 Bones Bones
spine (spine ): 26 bones about
Cervical (neck): 7
Chest: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacro: 1 (formed by the fusion of 5 vertebrae )
Coccyx : 1 (formed by the fusion of 4 vertebrae)
Bones head (skull ): 29
Skull bones : 8
Face: 14
Ear: 6 Hyoid
: 1 (bone not articulated with the skeleton) Chest
Bones (25) Ribs
: 24 (12 pairs) Sternum
: 1
appendicular skeleton: 126 bones in the upper
and pectoral: 64
Arms and hands : 60
Shoulders: 2 clavicles and two scapulae .
In the lower limbs and pelvic: 62
legs and feet : 60
Pelvis: 2 pelvic bones (formed by the merger of Ilion , ischium and pubis )
skeletal system diseases
Here are listed some diseases affecting the skeletal system:
fracture (medicine)
and Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis
primary bone cancer and osteosarcoma
and Osteomalacia Rickets
Osteoporosis and Osteopetrosis
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Achondroplasia Acromegaly and dwarfism
lead poisoning and toxicity of heavy metals
The skeleton of an adult human has about 206 bones, not counting teeth, the sutures or wormians bones (skull supernumerary ) and sesamoid . The group organized
bone-u-skeletal bodies forms the skeletal system, which concurs with other organ systems ( nervous system, joint system and muscular system ) to form the locomotor .
The skeleton is a structure characteristic of vertebrate . In Biology , a skeleton is quite rigid or semi-rigid structure that gives support and provides the basic morphology of the body, some facial cartilages (nasal, auricular, etc.) Should also be considered part of the skeleton.
Features
The skeletal system has several functions, among which are: mechanical support
body and soft parts: operating as a framework that maintains the body shape, posture maintenance
: allowing positions such as standing ;
dynamic support: it works for walking, locomotion and body movements: running as levers and points of attachment for muscles ;
containment and protection of viscera before any pressure or hit, as, for example, ribs harboring the lungs , delicate organs that require a space to expand, store
Metabolic functioning as a moderator (buffer or shock) of the merger and exchange of calcium salts and phosphates.
vibration transmission.
addition, spongy bark of some bones, bone marrow locates , which carries out or training hematopoiesis and differentiation of blood cells .
Constitution
The set of bones form the skeleton. Bones are living organs that are being renovated constantly.
The combined bone cells (osteocytes ) and inert materials (salts of calcium and phosphorus) as well as organic substances such as bone matrix collagen ( protein is also present in other tissues, not bone) .
Forms and dimensions of the bones
bones have different shapes and sizes according to their functions:
long bones: In this type of bone length will prevail on the thickness and width. Consist of a body or shaft and two ends or epiphyses . The latter category covers the first two segments of the membership. Short bones
: De restricted volume, the three axes are similar. Usually has a cuboidal form, this type of bone are found in the carpal the tarsal , etc. Flat bones
: Predominantly the length and width, the thickness is reduced. Form the walls of the cranial cavity , nasal, orbital and pelvic . These bones have bone marrow cavity thus without any to hold this core.
flat bone structure:
spongy bone tissue plane, also known as diploe is disposed between two layers of compact tissue. These sheets of tissue are also compact referred to as internal and external tables.
bones Number
The number of bones in adults ranges from approximately 206 to 208, but remember that this figure is not met in the small children and even less in the newborn . This is because babies are born with some separate bones to facilitate their exit from the birth canal, for example we have the bones of the skull, if we felt the head of a newborn soft spots are called fontanelles : in them bones are united by cartilage tissue which is then ossify to form the skull of an adult .
jaw is also divided into two, the upper jaw and lower , when the lower jaw suture will result in a kind of string called symphysis. So the number of bones depends on the age of the person to whom it relates, but on average for an adult is about 206 bones.
Division
skeleton human skeleton
One scheme to study the human skeleton, divides it into two parts:
the axial skeleton, the bones that are located on the midline or axis (axis) body , and
the appendicular skeleton, which are the rest of the bones belonging to the parties attached to the midline (appendices), specifically, the pairs of legs and their waists.
AXIAL SKELETON: 80 Bones Bones
spine (spine ): 26 bones about
Cervical (neck): 7
Chest: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacro: 1 (formed by the fusion of 5 vertebrae )
Coccyx : 1 (formed by the fusion of 4 vertebrae)
Bones head (skull ): 29
Skull bones : 8
Face: 14
Ear: 6 Hyoid
: 1 (bone not articulated with the skeleton) Chest
Bones (25) Ribs
: 24 (12 pairs) Sternum
: 1
appendicular skeleton: 126 bones in the upper
and pectoral: 64
Arms and hands : 60
Shoulders: 2 clavicles and two scapulae .
In the lower limbs and pelvic: 62
legs and feet : 60
Pelvis: 2 pelvic bones (formed by the merger of Ilion , ischium and pubis )
skeletal system diseases
Here are listed some diseases affecting the skeletal system:
fracture (medicine)
and Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis
primary bone cancer and osteosarcoma
and Osteomalacia Rickets
Osteoporosis and Osteopetrosis
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Achondroplasia Acromegaly and dwarfism
lead poisoning and toxicity of heavy metals
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